What is King Pile Combi Wall?

Combined wall systems, often called combi walls for short, are often employed when regular sheet piles are not strong enough to support the required load. Every combi wall system has three main components: king pile, sheet piles and the connector (which is welded with the king pile and connects the king pile to the sheet pile). These walls can be temporary or permanent, and they’re a good alternative to traditional retaining wall structures such as secants or sheet pile walls.


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King Pile Combi Wall Installation

King pile combi wall systems come in three main formats: single H-king pile, double H-king pile and pipe pile. In each of these systems, king pile combi walls are built using large king pile and sheet pile. The king pile provides the bulk of the wall’s structure, while the sheet pile is used to fill in the spaces between, making the wall continuous.



A combined sheet piling wall system has a typical sheet width of about six feet, which includes the two halves of each beam, two connectors, and two sheets. The usual sheet-to-beam ratio in a king combi wall system is around 75 percent sheet to 25 percent beam. For this reason, installers are only required to drive 25 percent of the total length of the wall (as opposed to 100 percent for a full sheet pile wall).


The king pile used to construct a combi wall system must be stable, rigid and straight to create a strong frame. Similarly, when installed, it’s important that the pipes are embedded vertically, which will guarantee that they are parallel to each other and allow the wall to retain its integrity.


Combi wall king pile is typically installed as bored pile, which is sometimes backfilled with concrete and reinforcing steel, depending on the application. A vibratory hammer is then used to install sheet pile into the spaces between the king pile. Finally, the sheet pile is aligned and welded to the king pile at interlocking points.



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King Pile Combi Wall Applications

King pile combi walls are often used in place of secant or sheet pile walls. They’re typically seen in heavy marine construction and deep foundation projects where the piling wall must have a high bearing capacity and a regular sheet pile wall will not suffice. Some common combi wall applications include:

  • Retaining wall structures

  • Building foundations

  • Wharves

  • Piers

  • Roadway structures

  • Railway structures

  • Bridges

  • Dams

  • Lake filling

  • Port expansion

King Pile Combi Wall Advantages and Disadvantages

In regards to disadvantages, king pile combi walls are more expensive than their standard sheet pile counterparts, the installation is more complex, and they require a greater coating surface when compared to sheet piles. However, king pile combination walls provide a number of advantages that can be said to outweigh their disadvantages. They offer increased wall stiffness and increased wall movement resistance. They have significantly more load bearing capacity than a sheet pile wall, meaning they can be used for larger projects. They’re also a cost effective shoring alternative to the secant wall, making them a more economical option. Finally, king piles can extend deeper to better bearing strata, and the sheet piles can stand to a taller height.

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